Headings from textbook :
- Belgium and Sri Lanka .
- Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka .
- Accommodation in Belgium.
- Forms of power sharing.
Topics to find out :
- Case of Belgium.
- Case of Sri Lanka .
- Analyze both cases.
- Forms of power sharing.
Case of Belgium
Causes of tension :
- French community was relatively rich and powerful than the Dutch community.
- Dutch community was in minority in capital but majority in whole country.
- Diversity in their culture, religion and traditions.
Steps for solution :
- Number of French and Dutch speaking ministers shall be equal in numbers in central government.
- Both groups must be support to pass any law.
- Many powers of the central government are given to state governments of the 2 regions of the country.
- Brussels also had equal representation of both the French and the Dutch groups.
- Apart from the Central and therefore the government , there's a 3rd quite government. This ‘community government’ is belongs to at least one language community and also elected by people.
- This government has the facility regarding cultural, educational and language-related issues.
- Brussels was chosen by European Union as its headquarters.
Case of Sri Lanka
Causes of tension :
- In 1956 Sinhala became the official language of Sri Lanka.
- Sinhala speakers have priority in jobs and admissions.
- Government made law to guard and support Buddhism.
- It increases the sensation of alienation in Tamils.
- They felt that their culture and language are going to be vanish .
- Government and constitution denied them right to equality.
- As a result, the relations between the Tamils and Sinhala communities strained over time.
Tamil’s struggles :
- The Sri Lankan Tamils made parties and begin struggles for equality of opportunity in securing education, jobs and regional autonomy, and for the popularity of Tamil as a politician language,
- Their demand for equality and autonomy denied.
- Tamil demand for separate country in north east Sri Lanka .
- The disturbance between the 2 communities became widespread conflict. It soon became a war.
- The war has caused a terrible setback to the social, cultural and economic lifetime of the country.
Analyze both cases
- Both are democracies. Yet, they addressed the question of power sharing differently.
- In Belgium - the leaders have realized that the unity of the country is feasible only by respecting the emotions and interests of various communities and regions.
- In Sri Lanka - It shows that if a majority community refuses to share power and wants to force its dominance over others, it can undermine the unity of the country.
- Power sharing is sweet because it helps to scale back the likelihood of conflict between social groups.
- Power sharing may be a great way to make sure the steadiness of political order.
- Tyranny of the bulk isn't just oppressive for the minority; it often brings ruin to the bulk also .
- Power sharing is that the very spirit of democracy.
- People have a right to be consulted on how they're to be governed.
- A lawful government is one where citizens, acquire a stake within the system, through participation.
Forms of power sharing
- Horizontal division of power – executive, legislature and judiciary.
- Vertical division of power – government and central government – often called federal division of power.
- Among different social groups – like linguistic and religious groups.
- Coalition sort of government – power shared in political parties.
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